Kodi njira yobwezeretsanso zinthu imafotokoza bwanji ma phukusi osinthasintha?

Gulu la mabungwe omwe akuyimira unyolo wamtengo wapatali wa ma CD osinthasintha ku Europe adapempha opanga malamulo kuti apange njira yobwezeretsanso zinthu zomwe zimazindikira zovuta zapadera komanso mwayi wokonzanso zinthu.
Pepala logwirizana ndi makampaniwa lomwe lasainidwa pamodzi ndi European Flexible Packaging, CEFLEX, CAOBISCO, ELIPSO, European Aluminium Foil Association, European Snacks Association, GIFLEX, NRK Verpakkingen ndi makampani aku Europe ogulitsa zakudya za ziweto likupereka "tanthauzo lopita patsogolo komanso loyang'ana mtsogolo" ngati makampani opanga ma CD akufuna kupanga njira yozungulira. Kupita patsogolo kwachuma kwachitika ndipo kubwezeretsanso ma CD ndikofunikira kwambiri.
Mu pepalali, mabungwewa akunena kuti theka la ma CD akuluakulu a chakudya pamsika wa EU amakhala ndi ma CD osinthika, koma malinga ndi malipoti, ma CD osinthika amangotenga gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu ndi limodzi a zinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito. Bungweli linati izi zili choncho chifukwa ma CD osinthika ndi oyenera kwambiri kuteteza zinthu ndi zinthu zochepa (makamaka pulasitiki, aluminiyamu kapena pepala) kapena kuphatikiza kwa zinthuzi kuti ziwonjezere mphamvu zoteteza za chinthu chilichonse.
Komabe, mabungwewa akuvomereza kuti ntchito imeneyi yokonza zinthu mosinthasintha imapangitsa kuti kubwezeretsanso zinthu kukhala kovuta kuposa kukonza zinthu molimba. Akuti pafupifupi 17% yokha ya zinthu zopangidwa ndi pulasitiki zosinthasintha ndi zomwe zimabwezeretsedwanso kukhala zinthu zatsopano zopangira.
Pamene European Union ikupitilizabe kukhazikitsa Packaging and Packaging Waste Directive (PPWD) ndi Circular Economy Action Plan (bungweli likuwonetsa chithandizo chokwanira pa mapulani onse awiri), zolinga monga kuthekera kobwezeretsanso 95% zitha kukulitsa vutoli. Unyolo wosinthika wamtengo wapatali wopaka.
Mtsogoleri Wamkulu wa CEFLEX, Graham Houlder, adafotokoza mu kuyankhulana ndi Packaging Europe mu Julayi kuti cholinga cha 95% "chidzapangitsa kuti [ma CD ang'onoang'ono osinthika a ogula] asagwiritsidwenso ntchito m'malo mochita zinthu mwachizolowezi." Izi zagogomezeredwa ndi bungweli mu pepala laposachedwa la malo, lomwe limanena kuti ma CD osinthika sangakwaniritse cholinga chotere chifukwa zigawo zofunika pa ntchito yake, monga inki, chotchinga ndi guluu, zimawerengera zoposa 5% ya ma CD.
Mabungwewa akugogomezera kuti kuwunika kwa moyo wonse kukuwonetsa kuti kukhudzidwa konse kwa ma CD osinthika ndi kochepa pa chilengedwe, kuphatikizapo mpweya woipa. Adachenjeza kuti kuwonjezera pa kuwononga magwiridwe antchito a ma CD osinthika, zolinga zomwe PPWD ingathe kuzigwiritsa ntchito zitha kuchepetsa magwiridwe antchito komanso ubwino wa zinthu zopangira zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi ma CD osinthika.
Kuphatikiza apo, bungweli linanena kuti zomangamanga zomwe zilipo kale zinakhazikitsidwa asanayambe kubwezeretsanso zinthu zomangira zazing'ono zosinthika, pomwe kubwezeretsanso mphamvu kumaonedwa ngati njira ina yovomerezeka. Pakadali pano, bungweli linanena kuti zomangamangazo sizinakonzekere kubwezeretsanso zinthu zosinthika ndi mphamvu zomwe EU ikuyembekezeka kupereka. Kumayambiriro kwa chaka chino, CEFLEX idatulutsa chikalata chonena kuti magulu osiyanasiyana ayenera kugwirizana kuti atsimikizire kuti zomangamangazo zilipo kuti munthu aliyense payekha azitha kusonkhanitsa zinthu zosinthika.
Chifukwa chake, mu pepala la udindo, mabungwewa adapempha kuti PPWD isinthidwe ngati "njira yoyendetsera mfundo" kuti ilimbikitse kapangidwe katsopano ka ma CD, chitukuko cha zomangamanga ndi njira zonse zopangira malamulo kuti zipite patsogolo.
Ponena za tanthauzo la kubwezeretsanso zinthu, gululo linawonjezera kuti ndikofunikira kupereka lingaliro la kukonzanso kapangidwe ka zinthu mogwirizana ndi kapangidwe kamene kalikonse, pamene likukulitsa mphamvu ndi ukadaulo womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zomangamanga zoyendetsera zinyalala. Mwachitsanzo, mu pepalali, kubwezeretsanso mankhwala kumalembedwa ngati njira yopewera "kutsekedwa kwa ukadaulo woyendetsera zinyalala womwe ulipo."
Monga gawo la pulojekiti ya CEFLEX, malangizo enieni okhudza kubwezeretsanso ma phukusi osinthika apangidwa. Cholinga cha Design for Circular Economy (D4ACE) ndi kuwonjezera malangizo omwe adakhazikitsidwa a Design for Recycling (DfR) a ma phukusi olimba komanso akuluakulu osinthika. Bukuli likuyang'ana kwambiri ma phukusi osinthika okhala ndi polyolefin ndipo cholinga chake ndi magulu osiyanasiyana mu unyolo wamtengo wapatali wa ma phukusi, kuphatikiza eni ake a kampani, opanga, opanga, ndi mabungwe othandizira zinyalala, kuti apange njira yobwezeretsanso ma phukusi osinthika.
Pepala la udindo likufuna kuti PPWD igwiritse ntchito malangizo a D4ACE, omwe akuti athandiza kusintha unyolo wamtengo wapatali kuti ukwaniritse kuchuluka kofunikira komwe kumafunika kuti kuwonjezere kuchuluka kwa zinyalala zonyamula katundu zomwe zimasinthasintha.
Mabungwewa adawonjezera kuti ngati PPWD isankha tanthauzo la phukusi lobwezerezedwanso, zidzafunika miyezo yomwe mitundu yonse ya phukusi ndi zipangizo zingathe kukwaniritsa kuti ikhale yogwira mtima. Pomaliza pake ndikuti malamulo amtsogolo ayeneranso kuthandiza phukusi losinthasintha kufikira kuthekera kwake mwa kupeza kuchuluka kwa kubwezeretsa ndi kubwezeretsanso kwathunthu, m'malo mosintha mtengo wake womwe ulipo kale ngati mawonekedwe a phukusi.
Victoria Hattersley adalankhula ndi Itue Yanagida, manejala wa chitukuko cha bizinesi yamakina ojambula zithunzi ku Toray International Europe GmbH.
Philippe Gallard, Mtsogoleri wa Zatsopano Padziko Lonse ku Nestlé Water, adakambirana za zomwe zikuchitika komanso zomwe zachitika posachedwa kuyambira kubwezeretsanso ndikugwiritsanso ntchito zinthu zosiyanasiyana zopakira.
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