Kalamazoo, Michigan – Makina atsopano okwana nyumba akatsegulidwa mwezi uno, adzayamba kusintha makatoni ambirimbiri obwezerezedwanso kukhala makatoni oyenera kulongedza zinthu zosawononga chilengedwe.
Pulojekiti iyi ya $600 miliyoni ndi mzere woyamba watsopano wopanga makatoni womangidwa ku United States m'zaka makumi ambiri. Ikuyimira ndalama zambiri za 2.54% ya mwini wake wa Graphic Packaging Holding Co. GPK, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sipadzakhala makapu a thovu, zotengera za pulasitiki kapena mphete zisanu ndi chimodzi.
Graphic ikuyembekeza kupereka ma phukusi abwino kwambiri kwa chilengedwe kuti makampani ogulitsa zinthu omwe amagula zinthu zake athe kulimbikitsa unyolo wopereka zinthu kwa osunga ndalama ndi ogula awo. Kampaniyo inati Graphic ikangotseka makina anayi ang'onoang'ono komanso osagwira ntchito bwino, kuphatikizapo imodzi yomwe ili mu kampani yake ya Kalamazoo yomwe yakhalapo kwa zaka 100, idzagwiritsa ntchito madzi ndi magetsi ochepa ndikuchepetsa malo obiriwira ndi 20%.
Monga momwe mawu ofotokozerawa akusonyezera, ndalama za ESG zayika ndalama zokwana madola mabiliyoni ambiri m'ndalama zomwe zikulonjeza kuyika ndalama poganizira zolinga zachilengedwe, chikhalidwe cha anthu, ndi ulamuliro. Izi zinapangitsa kampaniyo kugwira ntchito molimbika kuti ichepetse zinyalala ndi mpweya woipa womwe umawononga chilengedwe.
Graphic inanena kuti ndalama zobiriwira zatsegula msika woposa $6 biliyoni pachaka chifukwa chosintha pulasitiki ndi mapepala m'masitolo, ngakhale izi zingapangitse ogula kuwona mitengo yokwera pang'ono.
Kubetcha kwa Graphic ndi mayeso akuluakulu oti ngati kuchuluka kwa ndalama za ESG kungasinthe njira yogulitsira. Kupaka pulasitiki nthawi zambiri kumakhala kotsika mtengo kuposa mapepala, kogwira ntchito bwino kwambiri pazinthu zambiri, ndipo nthawi zina kumakhala ndi mpweya wochepa. Makampani ogulitsa zinthu ayenera kutsimikizika kuti makasitomala awo azilipira zambiri, ndipo kuyika mapepala kumakhala koteteza chilengedwe.
Oyang'anira zojambula amanena kuti popanda unyolo woyeretsa, makasitomala awo ali ndi mwayi wochepa wokwaniritsa zolinga zotulutsa mpweya ndi zinyalala. "Zambiri mwa zolingazi zimatizungulira," adatero Stephen Scherger, mkulu wa zachuma.
Ponena za opanga pulasitiki, akunena kuti akuyika ndalama muukadaulo wobwezeretsanso zinthu ndi kusonkhanitsa zinyalala, ndipo zinthu monga kulemera kwa mayendedwe ndi kupewa kutaya chakudya zikaganiziridwa, zinthu zawo zimakhala ndi ubwino kuposa mapepala.
Graphic ili ndi likulu lake ku Sandy Springs, Georgia, ndipo imagulitsa zinthu zomangira ku makampani akuluakulu azakudya, zakumwa ndi zinthu zogulira ku United States: Coca-Cola ndi Pepsi, Kellogg's ndi General Mills, Nestlé ndi Mars., Kimberly-Clark Corp. ndi Procter & Gamble Co.. Bizinesi yake yopanga mabokosi a mowa imapeza ndalama zokwana $1 biliyoni chaka chilichonse. Imagulitsa makapu pafupifupi 13 biliyoni chaka chilichonse.
Zojambulajambula ndi opanga ena a makatoni (chidutswa chimodzi cha makatoni chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri polongedza) akugwira ntchito molimbika kuti abweretse zinthu zatsopano, monga magoli a ulusi a mapaketi asanu ndi limodzi ndi mbale za chakudya chamadzulo zomwe zimatha kupangidwa kuchokera ku makatoni. Graphic yalengeza mapulani oyambitsa makapu angapo okhala ndi zokutira zochokera m'madzi kuti alowe m'malo mwa mapepala a polyethylene, sitepe imodzi pafupi ndi mzere woyera wa makapu opangidwa ndi manyowa.
Pamene Graphic idalengeza mapulani omanga fakitale yatsopano ya makatoni mu 2019, amalonda poyamba adakayikira mtengo ndi kufunikira kwake. Komabe, ndalama zobiriwira zakhala zikukula kuyambira pamenepo, ndipo amalonda atsopano athandizira ntchitoyi.
Mu Seputembala, Graphic idagulitsa $100 miliyoni mu zomwe zimatchedwa ma bond obiriwira kuti zithandize kulipira. Inapeza dzina lobiriwira kudzera mu pulogalamu ya Michigan yolimbikitsa malo obwezeretsanso zinthu, zomwe zimailola kugulitsa ngongole zokhala ndi chiwongola dzanja popanda kukhudzidwa ndi misonkho ya boma ndi boma. Serge adati kufunikira kwa ma bond kumaposa kuperekedwa ndi nthawi 20.
Kwina, kampaniyo ikuwonjezera zida zokwana $100 miliyoni ku fakitale yake ku Texarkana, Texas, kuti isinthe zinthu zambiri za paini kukhala makatoni olimba kwambiri a makapu ndi mabokosi a mowa. Mu Julayi, Graphic idagwiritsa ntchito US$280 miliyoni kugula malo 7 opangira zinthu zomwe zimapinda makatoni kukhala ma phukusi, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti chiwerengero chonsecho chifike pa 80. Mu Novembala, kampaniyo idapeza mpikisano wa US$1.45 biliyoni ku Europe, komwe nthawi zambiri ma phukusi okhazikika ndi komwe kumachokera.
Inagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zokwana madola 180 miliyoni kusuntha malo angapo ku Louisiana pansi pa denga limodzi kuti ichepetse mtunda womwe umayenda pakati pawo ndi makilomita mamiliyoni ambiri chaka chilichonse. Inayika boiler kuti itenthe pamwamba pa mitengo ndi zinyalala zina zachilengedwe kuchokera ku Macon Pine Pulp Mill ku Georgia kuti ipereke mphamvu ku fakitale yake. Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi utsi wochokera m'mafakitale awiri akumwera kwakhudza kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa kaboni womwe umagulitsidwa ndi Graphic ku Europe kuti ulowe m'malo mwa mapaketi ocheperako.
Mu Julayi, manejala wa hedge fund David Einhorn adavumbulutsa kuti Greenlight Capital yake ili kale ndi $15 miliyoni mu Graphics. Greenlight ikuneneratu kuti mitengo ya makatoni ipitilira kukwera chifukwa cha ndalama zochepa zomwe zayikidwa popanga.
"United States yawonjezera mphamvu zochepa zopangira makatoni kotero kuti fakitole ya makatoni mdziko muno ili ndi zaka zoposa 30," a Einhorn adalemba m'kalata yopita kwa osunga ndalama. Adati kufunikira kuyenera kuwonjezeka pamene kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ESG ikukakamiza kuchotsa pulasitiki mu unyolo wogulitsa.
Pambuyo pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, mapulasitiki anayamba kupezeka paliponse, pamene kusowa kwa zinthu zachilengedwe kunayambitsa mpikisano wa njira zina zopangira, kuphatikizapo nayiloni ndi magalasi achilengedwe. Kutulutsa mafuta opangidwa ndi zinthu zakale ndikuwasandutsa mapulasitiki kumapanga mpweya wambiri wowonjezera kutentha. Malinga ndi lipoti la 2016 la World Economic Forum, Ellen MacArthur Foundation, ndi McKinsey, 14% yokha ya mapulasitiki omwe amasungidwa kuti abwezeretsedwenso, ndipo gawo limodzi lokha ndi lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zatsopano, pomwe pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mapulasitiki omwe amasungidwawo sasonkhanitsidwa konse. Malinga ndi Goldman Sachs Group Inc. (Goldman Sachs Group Inc.) yofalitsidwa mu 2019, 12% yokha ya pulasitiki imabwezeretsedwanso, pomwe 28% imawotchedwa ndipo 60% imatsalabe m'chilengedwe.
Kafukufuku ameneyu wotchulidwa kawirikawiri mu 2016 anafotokoza za mavuto a nyanja, omwe aipitsidwa ndi mabotolo a soda, matumba ogulira zinthu, ndi ulusi wa zovala. Mphindi iliyonse, galimoto yonyamula zinyalala imanyamula zinyalala zofanana ndi pulasitiki m'madzi. Kafukufukuyu anati pofika chaka cha 2050, potengera kulemera kwake, padzakhala pulasitiki yambiri m'nyanja kuposa nsomba.
Pambuyo pa nkhanza zazikulu zomwe akuluakulu aboma adachita kuyambira ku California kupita ku China, akatswiri ofufuza za masheya adatchula kugwiritsa ntchito pulasitiki ngati chimodzi mwa zoopsa zazikulu zomwe makampani ogulitsa katundu wopakidwa m'matumba akukumana nazo. Makampani kuphatikiza Coca-Cola ndi Anheuser-Busch InBev adatchula kusintha kuchoka pa pulasitiki kupita ku pepala m'malipoti awo okhazikika kwa osunga ndalama ndi makampani akunja omwe amawerengera zigoli za ESG zamakampani.
"Zititengera chaka chonse kuti tigwiritse ntchito pulasitiki yochuluka monga momwe kampani yayikulu ya zakumwa imagwiritsira ntchito m'masabata awiri okha," adatero mkulu wa bungwe lopanga tirigu la Le's pamsonkhano wa ndalama koyambirira kwa chaka chatha. Kudzitamandira, chifukwa akuluakulu a kampani ya zakumwa akuyembekezera kugulitsa kwa omvera omwewo.
Mu 2019, akuluakulu a Graphic adalengeza mapulani olanda gawo la msika kuchokera ku mapulasitiki ndikupanga makina apamwamba kwambiri obwezerezedwanso ku Kalamazoo. "Simudzawona zilumba zamapepala zikuyandama m'nyanja," adatero Joyost, mkulu wa Graphic ku Americas, pamsonkhano ndi akatswiri ofufuza za masheya.
Komabe, ngakhale makampani ambiri atalonjeza kuchepetsa mpweya woipa ndi kuchepetsa zinyalala, zimakhala zovuta kuti mafakitale atsopano agulitse. Izi ndi ndalama zambiri, ndipo zimatenga zaka ziwiri kuti ziyambe kugwira ntchito ndikupanga ndalama. Mu nthawi yomwe nthawi yosungira masheya imawerengedwa ndi miyezi, zaka ziwiri ndi nthawi yayitali kwa osunga ndalama.
Mtsogoleri wamkulu wa zojambula Michael Doss (Michael Doss) anakonza bungweli kuti lizilimbana nalo. "Si aliyense amene adzakonda izi," anakumbukira. "Makampani athu ali ndi mbiri yokulirakulira komanso kusagawa bwino ndalama."
Poyamba Graphic inali gawo la Coors Brewing Co., Colorado, ndipo mabokosi opangidwa ndi kampaniyo sankanyowa ndi magalimoto oziziritsa. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1990, Coors inasiya bizinesi yake ya mabokosi kukhala kampani yodziyimira payokha ya boma. Kugula kumeneku kunapatsa Graphic udindo wofunika kwambiri m'dera la kum'mwera kwa paini, komwe fakitale yake inkapanga makatoni kuchokera ku zinyalala za matabwa ndi mitengo yomwe sinali yoyenera matabwa.
Graphic ili ndi ma patent pafupifupi 2,400 ndipo ili ndi mapulogalamu opitilira 500 omwe akuyembekezera kuteteza mapangidwe ake a ma CD ndi makina omwe adayikidwa pamizere yopangira makasitomala kuti adzaze ndikupinda makatoni.
Akuluakulu ake anati cholinga cha kafukufuku ndi chitukuko pakali pano ndikukulitsa kugwiritsa ntchito makatoni kuyambira m'mashelufu ogulitsa zakudya mpaka m'masitolo ogulitsa zakudya, zinthu zaulimi ndi zoziziritsira mowa. "Tikuukira zinthu zilizonse zapulasitiki," adatero Matt Kearns, wopanga ma CD a Graphic.
Komabe, pulasitiki ndi yotsika mtengo kuposa makatoni. Kupita patsogolo kwa ma CD a mapepala, monga makapu opangidwa ndi manyowa, kungapangitse kuti mitengo ikwere. Opanga mapepala akweza mitengo kangapo chaka chatha kuti apeze ndalama zomwe akukwera. Adam Josephson, katswiri wa mapepala ndi ma CD ku KeyBanc Capital Markets, anati ogula ena akufufuza njira zina zotsika mtengo m'malo mwa makatoni.
"Kodi makampani monga Graphic angagulitse zinthu zambiri pamene mtengo wake uli wokwera kwambiri kuposa zinthu zomwe akugulitsa kale?" Bambo Josephson anafunsa. "Izi ndi zovuta kwambiri."
Kodi makampani ena angaphunzire chiyani kuchokera ku ntchito yoteteza chilengedwe ya fakitale iyi? Lowani nawo zokambirana zomwe zili pansipa.
Kwa makampani ena, zobiriwira zikutanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito pulasitiki yambiri. Ma pulasitiki ndi opepuka kuposa mabokosi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mafuta ochepa amatenthedwa panthawi yonyamula. Kuchuluka kwa pulasitiki komwe kumabwezeretsanso ndi kochepa, koma ndi chimodzimodzi ndi makapu a mapepala ndi zotengera zotengera, zomwe zimapangidwa ndi pepala komanso zimakhala ndi polyethylene. Njira yamafakitale imafunika kuti ichotse zamkati zomwe zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito.
Kampani ya Wendy's Co. inati malo odyera ake adzataya makapu a mapepala okhala ndi pulasitiki chaka chamawa ndikuyikanso pulasitiki yowonekera bwino, ndipo inati ogula ambiri azitha kubwezeretsanso zinthu. "Izi zikusonyeza momwe pulasitiki imaonedwa ngati mwayi woteteza chilengedwe osati wolemetsa," adatero Tom Salmon, CEO wa Berry Global Group Inc., yomwe imapanga makapu okhala ndi 0.66% ya Berry.
Pepala silikhala ndi mpweya wochepa nthawi zonse. Kupanga makatoni kumagwiritsa ntchito magetsi ndi madzi, ndipo kumapanga mpweya woipa.
Chimodzi mwa zinthu zatsopano zomwe Graphic imalonjeza kwambiri ndi KeelClip. Goko la makatoni limapindidwa pamwamba pa mtsuko ndipo lili ndi mabowo a zala. Likusintha mofulumira ma paketi apulasitiki ndi mphete zisanu ndi chimodzi pamashelefu a zakumwa ku Europe. KeelClips ndi yosavuta kubwezeretsanso ngati mabokosi a chimanga. Graphic imati mpweya wawo wa carbon ndi theka lokha la ma paketi ocheperako, omwe ndi njira yodziwika bwino yopakira mowa ku Europe.
Graphic inabweretsa KeelClip ku United States, komwe idayenera kulimbana ndi lupu ya pulasitiki yokhala ndi zidutswa zisanu ndi chimodzi. Mphete iyi yokhala ndi zidutswa zisanu ndi chimodzi ndi yotsika mtengo komanso yopepuka ngati nthenga, ngakhale kuti yakhala ikupitilirabe ngati chizindikiro cha nkhanza zachilengedwe za anthu kwa zaka zambiri. Mibadwo ya ana asukulu aku America yawona zithunzi za nyama zakuthengo zomwe zagwidwa.
KeelClip sifunika kugwiritsa ntchito mapulasitiki ambiri ponyamula, ndipo sizingatheke kutseka pakamwa pa dolphin. Komabe, Graphic inanena kuti mpweya wa KeelClip—kuchuluka kwa mpweya woipa womwe umapangidwa pa sitepe iliyonse yopanga ndi kufalitsa—ndi wokwera pang'ono kuposa wa mphete ya zidutswa zisanu ndi chimodzi.
Malinga ndi Sphera, kampani yopereka upangiri ya ESG yomwe idalembedwa ntchito ndi Graphic kuti iwunikenso ma phukusi, KeelClip iliyonse imapanga magalamu 19.32 a carbon dioxide, pomwe mphete ya pulasitiki ndi magalamu 18.96.
Graphic inati ikugwira ntchito mwakhama kuthetsa vutoli. DiamondClip, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti EnviroClip, ikupangidwa. Kampaniyo inati ndi yolimba mokwanira kusunga mowa wothira thukuta asanu ndi limodzi, koma yopepuka mokwanira kukhala ndi mpweya wochepa wa theka la mphete ya pulasitiki.
Nthawi yotumizira: Januwale-05-2022